Abincin daskararre yana nufin abincin da aka sarrafa ingantaccen kayan abinci da kyau, daskararre a zazzabi na-30 ℃, kuma a adana shi kuma ana watsawa a-18 ℃ ko ƙasa bayan an shirya. Saboda amfani da ƙananan zafin jiki sanyi sarkar ajiya a cikin dukan tsari, daskararre abinci yana da halaye na dogon shiryayye rai, ba sauki ga cin hanci da rashawa da kuma sauki ci, amma kuma ya sa gaba mafi girma kalubale da kuma mafi girma bukatun ga marufi kayan.
Kayan abinci daskararre gama gari
A halin yanzu, na kowabuhunan kayan abinci daskararreakan kasuwa galibi suna ɗaukar tsarin kayan abu kamar haka:
1.PET/PE
Wannan tsarin yana da mahimmanci na kowa a cikin kayan abinci mai daskararre mai sauri, tabbatar da danshi, juriya mai sanyi, ƙarancin zafin jiki na rufewa yana da kyau, farashin yana da ƙananan ƙananan.
2. BOPP/PE, BOPP/CPP
Wannan nau'in tsarin yana da tabbacin danshi, mai juriya mai sanyi, kuma yana da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi don ƙarancin zafi mai zafi, yana sa ya zama mai inganci. Daga cikin su, BOPP / PE tsarin marufi jakunkuna suna da kyakkyawan bayyanar da jin dadi fiye da tsarin PET / PE, wanda zai iya inganta darajar samfurin.
3. PET/VMPET/CPE, BOPP/VMPET/CPE
Saboda kasancewar rufin aluminium, irin wannan tsarin yana da shimfidar wuri mai kyau da aka buga, amma aikin rufewar zafi mai ƙarancin zafi ba shi da ɗanɗano kaɗan kuma farashinsa yana da girma, yana haifar da ƙarancin amfani.
4. NY/PE, PET/NY/LLDPE, PET/NY/AL/PE, NY/PE
Marufi na irin wannan tsarin yana da tsayayya ga daskarewa da tasiri. Saboda kasancewar NY Layer, yana da kyakkyawan juriya na huda, amma farashin yana da girma. Ana amfani da shi gabaɗaya don ɗaukar samfuran tare da gefuna ko nauyi mai nauyi.
Bugu da ƙari, akwai wani nau'in jakar PE da aka fi amfani da ita azaman jakar marufi na waje don kayan lambu da kayan abinci masu daskararre.
In ƙari, akwai jakar PE mai sauƙi, ana amfani da ita azaman kayan lambu, jakunkunan marufi masu sanyin abinci, da sauransu.
Baya ga marufi, wasu daskararrun abinci suna buƙatar amfani da tiren filastik, kayan tire da aka fi amfani da su shine PP, tsabtace yanayin abinci na PP yana da kyau, ana iya amfani dashi a-30 ℃ ƙananan zafin jiki, akwai PET da sauran kayan. Carton da aka ƙera azaman marufi na sufuri na gabaɗaya, juriyarsa ta girgiza, juriyar matsin lamba da fa'idodin tsada, shine la'akari na farko na abubuwan daskararru na jigilar abinci.
Ba za a iya yin watsi da manyan matsaloli biyu ba
1. bushewar cin abinci, daskarewa sabon abu
Ajiye daskararre na iya iyakance girma da haifuwa na ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta, rage yawan lalacewa da lalacewa. Koyaya, don wasu hanyoyin ajiya daskararre, bushewa da abubuwan al'ajabi na abinci suma zasu ƙara tsananta tare da tsawaita lokacin daskarewa.
A cikin injin daskarewa, akwai rarraba zafin jiki da ruwa tururi partial matsa lamba: abinci surface> kewaye iska> sanyaya. A gefe guda kuma, saboda zafin da ke saman abinci yana jujjuya shi zuwa iskar da ke kewaye, yana ƙara rage zafin nasa; A gefe guda kuma, bambancin matsa lamba na tururin ruwa tsakanin farfajiyar abinci da iska mai kewaye zai iya inganta haɓakawa da ƙaddamar da ruwa da lu'ulu'u na kankara a kan abinci a cikin iska.
A wannan lokaci, iskar da ke ɗauke da ƙarin tururin ruwa yana ɗaukar zafi, yana rage yawansa, ya matsa zuwa iskar da ke sama da injin daskarewa; Lokacin da ke gudana ta cikin na'ura mai sanyaya, saboda ƙarancin zafin na'urar mai sanyaya, madaidaicin matsi na ruwa a wannan zafin yana da ƙasa sosai. Yayin da aka sanyaya iska, tururin ruwa yana tuntuɓar saman na'urar sanyaya ya taso cikin sanyi, wanda ke ƙara yawan sanyin iska ya nutse kuma ya sake haɗuwa da abinci. Wannan tsari zai ci gaba da maimaitawa da yaduwa, kuma ruwan da ke saman abincin zai ci gaba da ɓacewa, wanda zai haifar da raguwar nauyi. Wannan al'amari shi ake kira "bushe amfani".
A lokacin ci gaba da aiwatar da bushewa sabon abu, saman abinci zai zama sannu a hankali ya zama porous nama, ƙara lamba yankin tare da oxygen, accelerating da hadawan abu da iskar shaka fats da pigments, haifar da browning a saman da kuma gina jiki denaturation. Ana kiran wannan al'amari da "ƙona daskararre".
Saboda canja wurin tururin ruwa da iskar oxygen a cikin iska, waɗanda sune mahimman dalilai na abubuwan da ke sama, kayan tattarawar filastik da aka yi amfani da su a cikin marufi na ciki na abincin daskararre ya kamata su sami kyakkyawan tururin ruwa da kaddarorin shinge na oxygen a matsayin shamaki tsakanin daskararre abinci da duniyar waje.
2. Tasirin Muhallin Ma'ajiyar Daskararre akan Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Marufi
Kamar yadda aka sani, robobi sun zama masu rauni kuma suna saurin fashewa lokacin da aka fallasa su zuwa yanayin zafi na dogon lokaci, yana haifar da raguwar kaddarorin jiki. Wannan yana nuna raunin kayan filastik a cikin juriya mara kyau. Yawancin lokaci, juriya na sanyi na robobi yana wakilta ta yanayin zafi. Yayin da zafin jiki ya ragu, robobi suna yin karyewa kuma suna fuskantar karaya saboda raguwar ayyukan sarƙoƙi na kwayoyin polymer. Ƙarƙashin ƙayyadaddun ƙarfin tasiri, 50% na robobi suna fuskantar gazawa, kuma wannan zafin jiki shine ƙarancin zafin jiki, wanda shine ƙananan ƙarancin zafin jiki wanda za'a iya amfani da kayan filastik akai-akai. Idan kayan da aka yi amfani da su don daskararrun abinci suna da ƙarancin juriya na sanyi, ƙayyadaddun fitowar abincin daskararrun na iya huda marufin cikin sauƙi yayin jigilar kaya da lodi da saukarwa, haifar da matsalolin ɗigogi da ƙara lalata abinci.
Magani
Don rage mitar manyan batutuwa biyu da aka ambata a sama da tabbatar da amincin abincin daskararre, ana iya la'akari da waɗannan abubuwan.
1. Zabi babban shinge da kayan aiki mai ƙarfi na ciki
Akwai nau'i-nau'i iri-iri na kayan marufi tare da kaddarorin daban-daban. Ta hanyar fahimtar kaddarorin jiki na kayan marufi daban-daban za mu iya zaɓar abubuwa masu ma'ana dangane da buƙatun kariyar abinci mai daskarewa, ta yadda za su iya kula da dandano da ingancin abinci kuma suna nuna ƙimar samfurin.
A halin yanzu,filastik m marufida aka yi amfani da shi a fagen abinci mai daskarewa an raba shi zuwa rukuni uku:
Nau'in farko shine Layer-Layermarufi bags, irin su jakunkuna PE, waɗanda ke da tasirin shinge mara kyau kuma ana amfani da su akai-akaikayan lambu marufi, da sauransu;
Nau'i na biyu shine haɗe-haɗe da jakunkuna mai laushi mai laushi, waɗanda ke amfani da adhesives don haɗa nau'ikan kayan fim ɗin filastik biyu ko fiye tare, kamar OPP/LLDPE, NY/LLDPE, da sauransu, tare da juriya mai ɗanɗano, juriya sanyi, da juriya huda. ;
Nau'i na uku shi ne Multi-Layer co extruded taushi roba marufi jakunkuna, wanda narke da kuma extrude daban-daban aiki albarkatun kasa kamar PA, PE, PP, PET, EVOH, da dai sauransu, da kuma hada su a cikin babban mutu. Ana busa su, a faɗaɗa su, a sanyaya su tare. Irin wannan kayan ba ya amfani da mannewa, kuma yana da halaye na rashin ƙazanta, babban shinge, ƙarfin ƙarfi, da juriya ga yanayin zafi da ƙananan.
Bayanai sun nuna cewa a cikin ƙasashe masu tasowa da yankuna, da nau'in nau'ikan asusun ajiya na kusan kashi 40% na jimlar kuɗi don kusan 6%, wanda ke buƙatar ƙarin gabatarwa.
Tare da ci gaba da ci gaba na fasaha, sababbin kayan kuma suna fitowa daya bayan daya, kuma fim ɗin marufi mai cin abinci yana ɗaya daga cikin wakilai. Yana amfani da polysaccharides, sunadaran, ko lipids a matsayin substrate, kuma yana samar da fim mai kariya akan saman abincin daskararre ta hanyar nannade, jiƙa, shafa, ko fesa, ta amfani da abubuwan da ake ci na halitta azaman albarkatun ƙasa kuma ta hanyar hulɗar intermolecular don sarrafa canjin ruwa iskar oxygen. Wannan fim yana da tabbataccen juriya na ruwa da juriya mai ƙarfi na iskar gas. Mafi mahimmanci, ana iya cinye shi tare da daskararre abinci ba tare da gurɓatacce ba kuma yana da fa'ida mai fa'ida.
2. Inganta juriya na sanyi da ƙarfin injina na kayan tattarawa na ciki
Hanyar 1:Zabi ma'auni mai ma'ana ko kayan da aka fitar.
Nylon, LLDPE, da EVA duk suna da kyakkyawan juriya mai ƙarancin zafin jiki, juriyar hawaye, da juriya mai tasiri. Haɗa irin waɗannan albarkatun ƙasa a cikin hanyoyin haɗaɗɗun abubuwa ko haɗin gwiwa na iya inganta ingantaccen ruwa mai hana ruwa, shingen gas, da ƙarfin injina na kayan marufi.
Hanyar 2:Ƙara yawan adadin masu yin filastik daidai.
Ana amfani da filasta galibi don raunana haɗin biyu tsakanin ƙwayoyin polymer, don haka ƙara motsin sarƙoƙi na kwayoyin polymer da rage crystallinity. Ana bayyana wannan ta hanyar raguwa a cikin taurin, modulus, da zafin jiki na polymer, da kuma karuwa a tsawo da sassauci.
Ƙarfafa ƙoƙarin duba marufi
Marufi yana da mahimmanci ga abincin daskararre. Sabili da haka, ƙasar ta tsara ƙa'idodi da ƙa'idodi masu dacewa kamar SN/T0715-1997 "Dokokin Bincika don Fakitin Kayan Abinci na Daskararre don fitarwa". Ta hanyar saita mafi ƙarancin buƙatu don aikin marufi, ingancin gabaɗayan tsari daga tattara kayan albarkatun ƙasa, fasahar marufi zuwa tasirin marufi yana da garanti. A wannan batun, ya kamata kamfanoni su kafa wani m marufi ingancin kula da dakin gwaje-gwaje, sanye take da uku jam'iyya hadedde block tsarin oxygen / ruwa tururi permeability tester, fasaha lantarki tensile gwajin inji, kwali matsawa na'ura da sauran gwaji kida, don gudanar da wani jerin gwaji gwaje-gwaje a kan. kayan marufi masu daskararre, gami da aikin shinge, aikin matsawa, juriyar huda, juriyar hawaye, da juriya mai tasiri.
A taƙaice, kayan marufi don daskararrun abinci suna fuskantar sabbin buƙatu da matsaloli da yawa a cikin tsarin aikace-aikacen. Nazari da magance waɗannan matsalolin na da matuƙar fa'ida wajen haɓaka ingancin ajiya da sufuri na daskararrun abinci. Bugu da ƙari, inganta tsarin duba marufi da kafa tsarin bayanai don gwada kayan marufi daban-daban kuma zai ba da tushe na bincike don zaɓin kayan aiki na gaba da kula da inganci.
Idan kana da wanifrozanfoodptuhumabukatun, za ku iya tuntuɓar mu. Kamar yadda a m marufi manufacturersama da shekaru 20, za mu samar da mafita na marufi daidai gwargwadon buƙatun samfuran ku da kasafin kuɗi.
Lokacin aikawa: Satumba-27-2023
